10-3-10-4 Logical Fallacies

I. review vocabulary:
Persuasive Vocab #2: Block B5: Identify and fill in this page of notes, based only on the examples provided

A.) Logical Fallacy: literally, “false logic.” These errors in reasoning are often intended to be persuasive, and sometimes are, but these amount to nothing more than “tricks” Logical Fallacies may work, but only on the “weak-minded”
a. Examples: Ad Hominem, Bandwagon, Red Herring, Circular Reasoning, Generalization, Post Hoc

i. Ad Hominem: literally “To the man.” The writer attacks the opponents character rather than the opponents argument.
1. Example: “Dr. Bloom can’t be a competent marriage counselor because she’s been divorced”
ii. Bandwagon: The writer tries to validate a point by intimating that “everyone else believes this.
1. Example: “everyone who demands real taste smokes Phooey cigarettes”
iii. Red Herring: The writer introduces an irrelevant point to divert the readers’ attention.
1. Example: your parent may be criticizing you for your low grades on interims To escape the charges, you remind your mother that her smoking will kill her.

iv. Circular Reasoning: Writers base the second half of their argument on what has already happened in the first half:
1. Example: “There aren’t enough parking spaces for students on campus because there are too many cars.”

v. Generalization: Often called “hasty generalization: The writer bases the argument on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence
1. Example: “Spotsy High students demand a paintball team.”
vi. Post Hoc: Literally, “after this”: Writers assume that because on event follows another in time the first event cause the second.
1. Example: “Student drank Milk as a child, then student failed all SOL reading tests. The student’s milk consumption at an early age caused the poor performance on reading based tests”

II. review homework: page 169 Questions.
III. Editorial Worksheet: complete by end of class. Use a current editorial or column from a newspaper, fill in the required information.

Name:
Short answer: Why did you choose this article?







For each of the terms below, find an example from your editorial, then either paraphrase or list the direct quote on this sheet.

Issue:

Claim:

Evidence: locate logical, ethical, or emotional appeals











Concession/Refutation:


Call To Action:


Logical Fallacies: locate and list the type



Works Cited: Do MLA citation for at least one source ( two sources B5) below:

Go to page R32, find the correct type of source. Then create a works cited entry below.



Answer on Back
10. Short Answer: Do you agree or disagree with this article? Explain.

11. Short Answer: Why do you think this author was or was not persuasive? Did they seem to know the elements of persuasion as we are learning them?

IV> HW: Read pages 191-192, answer questions 1-4.

Final Draft of you letter to the principal is due On Wednesday the 10th, or Thursday the 11th.